Sewer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynCR0C9B-Do

Just sent this

http://www.vermicompostingtoilets.net/design-construction/?fbclid=IwAR0KDFGi4OnVw3RIPqRlFnzXDof5yFSmRsjvxvUs8_WWQCy0bV00fcgB4Oc

Sewer in a bucket

The best I have come across is to do your poops in a bucket and cover it with lime or floor dust. There is no smell.
Urine must be kept separate from the poop or smells will be made.
When the bucket is full tip the contents down a rabbit hole or a wombat hole and push in the entrance. These animals will dig you another hole in the time it takes to fill the bucket.

I was sent this

Process :

The effluent may be either Liquid or solid waste received from household to septic tank through the inlet pipe. The septic tank was designed to store the wastewater at the minimum period of 18 hours to 24 hours, it is called detention period.

During this time period, the sludge was decomposed by the biological action of anaerobic bacteria and the solid waste settled down as sludge. Then the surface water runs to the soak pit through an outlet pipe. Then the settled sludge shall remove after 1 or  2 years.

What is Soak Pit?

A pit dug under the natural ground, constructed in a circular shape with dry bricks or stone with the mortar joint free, where water can easily soak into the ground is known as soak pit. The top portion was closed by Reinforced concrete slab & accessible. It should not less than 900mm Dia,  1500mm Depth. At the same time, it should not below 2m from the groundwater.

Do′s:-

1. The Tank should be constructed at the correct place & required size.
2. Reduce the water usage to avoid the tank full in short period and also save the water.
3. Do the sludge removal regularly at a certain time period.
4. Inspect the septic tank regularly.
5. Construct the septic tank without disturbing the groundwater.
6. If any blockage has happened in septic tank act immediately to resolve the problem.
7. Manhole should provide to access the tank easily.

Don′t Do′s:-

1. Due to the insufficient tank capacity, the flushed wastewater may back up to our home so the capacity of the tank is very important.
2. Don’t flush the garbage, sanitary items, paper or other solid material to avoid unnecessary blockage.
3. The other source of water should not enter in the septic tank.
4. The wastewater should not run in the natural ground to secure the environment.

Septic Tank Size Calculation Based Per Used Consumption:

As above said, the capacity of septic tank should be designed correctly because insufficient tank size may result in wastewater backup to the house or it coerces us to clean the water often and also it will increase the maintenance cost.

Let us estimate the Tank size for a Home – 5 Members.

Daily Water Usage for a Home – 5 Person

1. Cooking  – 5 Litre
2. Bathing & Toilet – 85 Litre/Person, So for 5 person  – 425 litres/Day
3. Washing cloths & Utensils – 30 Litres
4. Cleaning House – 10 Litres
5. Other – 5 Litres

Total – 475 Litres/Day Approximately

We take detention period as 3 days. So the septic tank should have the capacity to retain the household wastewater at least 3 days.

Total wastewater in 3 days – 475×3 = 1425 Litres

Let us take 2000 Litres capacity minimum for a home. Minimum depth of Septic tank should not be less than 1.8m.

Sludge settled down per person – 30 litres/year. So here we take sludge removal 2 years once.

So total sludge = 30 litres x 5 persons x 2 years = 300 Litres

Total tank capacity = 2000+300 = 2300 Litres

We knew that 1 Cum = 1000 Litres = 2300/1000 = 2.3 Cum

Area required @ 1.8m depth = 2.3/1.8 = 1.2 Sqm

Length & breadth ratio of Septic Tank is 4:1 or 2:1

L:B ratio taken as 4:1

So 4BxB = 1.2 Sqm where B=0.54m

Note – Breadth of the tank should minimum 750mm, So that L = 4×0.75 = 3m

L – 3m; B – 0.75m; Depth = 1.8+0.3 = 2.1m (free board should be provided at least 300mm)

Tank capacity = 3 x 2.1 x 0.75 = 4.725 Cum = 4.725x 1000 = 4725 Liters

British Standard Calculation:

As per British standard, they follow the below formula to calculate the wastewater flow for a septic tank.

C=A+P(rq+ns) Where

C – Capacity in litres

P – Number of People

A – 2000 Litres as constant

R – Detention period of Sewage in Days

Q – Sewage Flow in litre per day

N – Number of years

S – Sludge accumulation in litres per person/year

Simplification of (rq+ns) = 180 Litres

Now we rewrite the formula as C=A+180P

C = 2000+(180×5)

= 2900 Litres

In practice

I still have not been able to get a sewer connection so how are things going.
I have been using a bucket with a plastic bag in it and using floor dust to cover the deposits with zero smell. I pee under a mandarin tree and it loves it. Not so good for the long term and I will post more information as I get it.

Good reading

http://www.weblife.org/humanure/index.html

Composting toilet

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3uPkl9zZiE